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  Instructor (2001-2005)

     2003-2005 at the Dept. of  Information Management, Overseas Chinese Institute of Technology (OCIT)
         Fall Program (Sep. - Jan.)：
                Management Information System (MIS), Operations Research (OR), Computer Applications to Business/Management
                Decision Analysis, Relational Database Design
         Spring Program (Mar. - Jun.)：
                Applied Statistics, Structural Query Language (SQL), Decision Support System (DSS)

      2001-2003 at the extension institute for practical engineer certification
          Civil, Environmental and Hydraulic Engineer Certification Program：
               Hydrology, Fluid Mechanics, Hydraulics Engineering, Irrigation Engineering,
               Laws and Regulations of Agricultural and Water Resources Policy  

　

  GIS Programmer (2000-2004)

   2004: Integrated Water Allocation Model

Summary: 
    Traditional water supply planning assumes that water demand is a “given” that cannot be altered by the utility. Some water resources planning models focus on scenarios of water supply problems, such as reservoir operation, conjunction use of surface and ground water and so on. Recently demand side planning and management attracts more attentions from critical environmental, financial and political constraints and controversies. Regional water demands planning and management usually involves multifarious geographic and socioeconomic data, most of which are spatially distributed, such as irrigated area, climate conditions, and soil textures. Some models provide the disaggregate demand estimation approach to capture these spatial variations. However, most of the spatial variations were managed by traditional DBMS and tedious manual data input are required. More over, without the crosscheck of related models and spatial references, the data entered may be irrational so that it may easily result in making misleading decisions. Since much data are involved in these disaggregate models, GIS is an effective tool to manipulate these spatial data. An integrated spatial-scenario based framework for regional water resources planning is proposed in this study. A GIS based regional water demand estimation model is linked to the water supply system through optimization modeling. The demands and supplies in the optimization model are no longer fixed numbers but become alive through changing land use patterns scenarios and water supply alternatives measures. Through  scenario studies, water system planners may have more comprehensive insights for better decision in regional water resources planning.   
DSS For Integrated Allocation Modeling

     2002-2003: Database Management Systems (DBMS) for Disaster Mitigation & Emergency Response

Summary:     
    Public works in Taiwan suffer severely from natural hazards that occur frequently due to the location of the Island and her geological and geographical characteristics. Natural calamities mostly impact wide area. Once the public works are damaged, the distributions of resources for rescues and damage mitigations are usually disturbed or affected and may further increase the damages or casualties. Once there is a disaster, the emergency response center should master the amount and location of the relevant resources for more efficient dispatch to mitigate possible damages and causalities as well as prevention of induced hazards.
               
                              DBMS Interface for Emergence Response

                      
                                    GIS Interface for Disaster Identification  
    
    The knowledge of these relevant resources should be build up in peacetime. A well-planned and organized database should be constructed beforehand for operative response in cases of emergency response. The objective of this project is to establish a database for management of related resources, such as manpower, machinery, and material for damage mitigations in cases of calamity so that the efficiency and effectiveness of the emergency response center may be enhanced.

       2000-2002: Regional Water Demand Planning Model

Summary:    
    As it is more difficult nowadays to develop new water supply sources, a demand side planning approach becomes more practical for regional water resource management and planning. Water demand estimation is the key to demand side water management. Estimating regional irrigation demand involves huge amount of spatial data, and estimating models for crop consumption. Different models lead to different results. It is necessary to study different scenarios from one to another for comparison. 
                        
                                                                     Scenario Planning

                            
                                                        Demand Planning Model
    A geographic information system (GIS) is the most efficient tool for spatial data management and utilization to better capture the spatial divergence. And the decision support system (DSS) enables decision makers to investigate the influence of factors or of decision alternatives. A spatial decision support system (SDSS) for agricultural demand planning framework is proposed in this paper. With all related data and models built in, it will be an efficient tool for better demand planning by setting up different scenarios and revealing the impacts under those scenarios. For demonstration of model framework implementation, the command area of Chi-Nan Irrigation Association is used as a pilot study area for building a prototype.

 

  GIS Analyst (2004-2006)

       2004-2006: A Spatial-Temporal Approach to Dengue Epidemic Risk Identification

Summary:   
    This study proposed a novel spatial-temporal approach to focusing on: (1) probability of case-occurrence (α)－how often these uneven cases occur, (2) epidemic duration (β)－how long these cases persist, and (3) transmission intensity (γ)－how significant cases occur in consecutive periods across the study area. These temporal risk indices were integrated into a measure of spatial autocorrelation to evaluate local risk patterns of dengue cases of an epidemic that struck Kaohsiung, Taiwan in 2002.
  Mapping the duration and intensity of an epidemic identified more risk areas than using incidence rate alone. Further analysis found that this severe epidemic, characterized by numerous dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) cases, occurred in urban sites shown either by longer epidemic duration or by more intense transmission in places with higher population density even though low annual incidence rate was found. In contrast, both long duration and high intensity were required for the emergence of more DHF cases in lower population density area. Interventions designed to reduce the duration of each possible occurring outbreak plus halting transmission together should effectively contain epidemics of DHF.

Definition of Spatial Risk Levels
A Risk Map of three temporal indices to Show Spatial Clusters and Outliers
    In conclusion, our novel approach can quantitatively measure epidemiologically related temporal characteristics, and evaluate the effectiveness of control measures beyond mapping. Rather than relying on mapping cases or incidence rate at different periods, this study enables the public health professionals to comprehensively identify the risk areas and examine their dynamic  spatial-temporal changes through epidemics, to provide broader perspectives on temporal risk characteristics other than epidemic curves, and to measure the risk levels plus severity of the epidemic after integration of tempo-spatial characteristics.